Inidividualism in the Early Modern Period

â€Å"Individualism and the Early Modern Period† For much of the world, the Early Modern period (from about 1500-1700) was a revolutionary time, marked by political, scientific and literary transitions. Politically, nations began to resist outside rule and establish their own national languages. Scientifically, the idea of a heliocentric universe (rather than a geocentric one) began to gain favor as Polish astronomer Nicolas Copernicus challenged tradition and church doctrine. In Europe, the invention of printing brought about a literary explosion.Books and texts could be mass-produced, making them much more affordable. Suddenly, one did not have to be of a certain socioeconomic status to have access to books. Writers saw the incredible potential of printing and ran with it, incorporating newly-available vernacular languages into their writing. The printing press opened up a world of seemingly endless possibility. The Early Modern period was marked by a resistance to (and some times rejection of) the status quo. Traditions were challenged, questioned, and sometimes abandoned.It was this heady atmosphere that gave rise to individualism. Individualism The American Heritage Dictionary defines individualism as â€Å"a social theory advocating the liberty, rights, or independent action of the individual. † The Early Modern period represents a shift in emphasis from the group dynamic (most notably the church) to the worth of the individual person. The thoughts, desires, goals and value of the individual gained significantly in importance, and one of the areas in which this shift is most readily apparent is in the world of literature.Niccolo Machiavelli was not necessarily revered as a writer during his lifetime, but from a literary standpoint, he was definitely a man of his time, and he illustrates this in his 1513 work, The Prince. Machiavelli and The Prince Machiavelli grew up during the peaceful Italian Renaissance, as Florence was becoming one of the leading cities in the areas of art and philosophy rather than placing an emphasis on military might and political savvy. Consequently, when King Charles VIII of France invaded Italy, the Florentines offered little resistance.Machiavelli, who became an employee of the Florentine Republic in 1498, helped his fellow citizens form a militia to avoid a similar defeat. It didn’t help; Spain invaded in 1512, and the Florentines again failed to offer much resistance. Machiavelli began writing his book, The Prince, the year after the Spanish invasion. The book, which is still reviled in some circles, is a treatment of the use of power to create, control, and protect a principality. It illustrates Machiavelli’s belief that Florence needed a strong ruler to avoid any more humiliating defeats.The Prince and Individualism The author’s approach to individualism is quite straightforward. In The Prince, Machiavelli writes of the need for a ruler who is unafraid to use his powe r to advance his own causes. The ruler, according to Machiavelli, was to be cruel when necessary, deceitful when warranted, and willing to use terror to keep people in line (including his own). The author uses historical examples to illustrate his belief that a ruler establishes his strength by first establishing ironclad control over his own people — by force, if necessary. Had Moses, Cyrus, Theseus and Romulus been unarmed,† he writes, â€Å"they would not have had their institutions respected by the people for very long. † (Machiavelli, p. 1505) Machiavelli’s view on individualism is hard and fast; the individual – that is, the prince – comes first, above all others. Machiavelli also uses tone to great effect in The Prince. The author did not seem to consider his book to be a piece of literature. Rather, he intended for it to be a how-to guide for an effective ruler.His formal tone is apparent right away in his opening â€Å"Dedicatory Le tter,† in which he states his qualifications for writing such a treatise (Machiavelli knew Pope Alexander VI, King Louis XII, and Girolamo Savonarola among others, and considered himself eminently qualified to speak to the proper uses of power): â€Å"I have not found among my possessions anything I cherish more or value so much as my knowledge of the accomplishments of great men, which I learned through long experience in contemporary affairs and continuous study of antiquity. (p. 1503) Here, too, does Machiavelli’s approach to individualism show through; he is telling the new prince that his thoughts and ideas matter, and that they should be taken seriously if not heeded outright. Machiavelli vs. Other Early Individualist Authors Although Machiavelli probably would not be considered on the same literary plane as William Shakespeare or Petrarch, it is instructive to compare their differing approaches to individualism.Shakespeare, though known primarily as a playwright , was also the author or more than 150 sonnets. In them, Shakespeare approaches individualism in a much different way than Machiavelli, focusing on the importance of emotion. His â€Å"Sonnets† focuses on love, sexual desire, and finally, heartbreak. Petrarch’s â€Å"Canonziere† also places emphasis on the feelings of the individual. Canonziere† is a love poem in which the narrator sings praises of the love of his life, Laura, lamenting her death, and holds out hope for a reunion after he himself passes away. Machiavelli’s view on individualism is starkly different from Shakespeare, Petrarch, and other individualistic authors of his day, but in its own way, it is just as representative of the times. What can The Prince offer us?While few current world leaders would want to be referred to as Machiavellian (a term now used to describe ruthless, unscrupulous behavior), many leaders have followed some of the teachings of The Prince, whether knowingly or not. Even our own leaders seem to heed Machiavelli’s advice on promise keeping – the idea that it is acceptable to break a promise if keeping it places one at a disadvantage. Nearly five hundred years after The Prince was published, its approach to individualism still resonates today.

Hart & Dworkin Essay

H. L. A. Hart’s concept of legal positivism was heavily influenced by Austin. However, he breaks with Austinian positivism at three vital junctures. First, he believed that the sovereign law giver is defined by his office rather than being a person who has secured the habit of obedience. Second authority is vested in rule of recognition instead of through the threat sanctions. Finally, Hart believed that laws expand liberty rather than limit it. In a nutshell Hart’s Philosophy of Law builds upon the Command Law Theory established by Austin, corrects its errors and establishes its own doctrines. In his essay â€Å"Sovereign and Subject†, Hart proposed that the habit of obedience does not account for the relationship between subject and sovereign. This inclination to, or habit of obedience, propounded by Austin, asserts that there exists a relationship between a subject and his sovereign. Where this relationship exists we speak of a society. However, since the habit of obedience is a habit backed by threats, it differs little from the idea a gunman coercing a person to give him his purse. Hart opines that a law’s validity does not depend on the existence of social rules. Instead laws exist to promote social order. Hart contributes his conceptual analysis theory to jurisprudence of legal formalism. He postulates that jurisprudence aims to give analysis of the uses to which the concept of law is put in various social practices. Given that all rules have a penumbra of uncertainty, a judge must often choose between alternatives. Simply put, Hart takes legal thought beyond the simplistic Command Theory. To him a law can be valid despite its moral invalidity and sans any coercion backed by threats. Such views on the law can be seen today in the USA Patriot Act. This is morally reprehensible because of the many provisions that potentially violate citizens’ rights. However it is still a valid law promoting the security of American society at large. As a legal naturalist Ronald Dworkin rejects positivism. His chief objection is that moral principles can be binding by virtue of the fact that they express an appropriate dimension of justice and fairness. He espouses the belief that in interpreting the meaning of valid legal rules, it is often necessary to consult moral principles. Curiously, a posthumous edition of Hart’s seminal A Concept of Law gives space to Hart’s response to Dworkin’s criticism of Legal Positivism. In contrast to Hart, Dworkin believes that law is not simply a matter of rules. Moral principles are law even if they are not identified under the rule of recognition. Moral principles can also be said to be law because they have dimensions of justice. As opposed to Hart, Dworkin’s theory on jurisprudence is that judges appeal to binding legal standards that are more discretionary than hard and fast rules. An example is the gravamen of guilt beyond reasonable doubt. Instead of simply relying on their discretion, a judge uses jurisprudence to form a body of as yet unwritten legal standards to back up their decisions. To summarize, Dworkin champions the cause of Legal Naturalism: that laws must appeal to morality to have legal validity. Many of today’s penal laws can be said to espouse Legal Naturalism.

Case Study on QR Codes

Introduction of QR codes contributed significantly improvement of advertising and enhancing efficiency for an organization. The codes help an organization to offer customers a chance to obtain extra information about the product or the company itself. QR codes offer companies an excellent chance for advertising because the symbols used can be used be converted into video and thus helping to convey the message to the customer. The QR code works in such away a way that the company uses a QR code generator to design a readable and interesting message (Dacko, 2012). For the customer to see or read the message or the content of the QR code, they should have a smart phone which has QR reader application. One of the advantages of QR code over bar codes is that consumers will tend to spend more time on the company’s website which may influence their decision to buy. QR codes are capable of holding bulk information which makes it very convenient for companies using it. This report anal yzes how QR codes influences the decision making processes for individual consumers. It also analyzes the use of the codes in marketing and how efficient they are. 1. QR codes are used in several stages of consumer decision making process. The first stage in which QR codes are used by decision makers is the information searching stage. This is the stage where a customer gathers information about a particular product or line of product after identifying his/her needs. Searching of information helps the consumer to make informed purchase decisions. Since QR code offers quick access to a company’s information, the consumer can therefore obtain useful information from the website (Bryson & Daniels, 2015). The website may contain information on product offered, description, prices, after sale services offered and other useful information on the product that the consumer wants to buy. Therefore, by using QR codes, a company such as Gellerie can provide information on a product to the consumers easily. QR codes are also useful in evaluation of alternatives by the consumer. The consumer can scan the QR code and get access to the different types of products offered by a particular company. For example a McDonald’s customer can identify th e available flavors and varieties of Pizza by using QR codes (Haase, 2011). A customer can also compare different companies by accessing their QR codes. QR is also important in the post purchase evaluation. Consumers can compare what they bought with what was promised in the QR code. Consumers also obtain usage prescriptions and manual for machines and equipment to guide them in using the product. 2. There is huge marketing opportunity in the service sector. This is because, QR codes helps in making provision of services more efficient. This is therefore very important since the aim of every service provider is to offer efficient and reliable services to its customers. QR codes can be used in the retail business to check information on a product. An example is when a consumer wants to buy a product in a supermarket; he/she can scan the QR code to obtain information on the manufacturer of the product. A QR code can also be used in the financial services industry. Banks can place QR codes in their products such as cheques which customers can scan to get information on the state of their account and market the institution to its customers. The banks can include information on products offered and interest rates. QR codes can also be used in the health services sector. An example is an hospital issuing its patients QR codes to identify the period of time it will take them to be s erved and their number in the queue (Kotler, Armstrong, & Harris, 2017).This will help to eliminate physical queuing by patients. In the transport industry, QR codes can be used in place of paper tickets. Customers can book to travel online and then obtain a unique QR code which contains their identification details and all other relevant information. 3. The fact that use of QR codes help in bypassing multiple layers of distribution and support marketing. This not only applies in the goods market as well as in the service market. The advantages of bypassing multiple layers of distribution in the service sector include; Increasing efficiency in an organization by reducing the time taken to serve each customer. This happens by reducing the procedures that a customer should go through before getting the service they require. The use of QR codes are important in reducing layers of distribution by making it possible for customers to obtain some services online instead of physically. QR codes helps an organization to market the services it offers by giving customers QR through which they can access extra information about the company (Russell, 2010). By reducing support services, the organization will be able to reduce costs that it would have otherwise incurred and therefore its important in reducing costs which in turn increase profit margins. The level of customer satisfaction is   also increased when layers of distribution reduce. This is very important in maintaining existing customers by an organization. 4. QR codes affect perceived risks of a product through various ways. One of the ways in which the use of QR codes has affected the perceived risk in the service industry is that it has reduced the risk of delay in getting services. Time Is a very important factor especially in the service industry and therefore, there is always a risk not getting the services a consumer needed on time. Since use of QR codes helps in reducing distribution layers and reducing the time taken to serve each customer, the use of QR codes will reduce the perceived risk of delay in service delivery. QR codes also reduce the perceived risk of getting poor services from an organization (Woodall, 2007). By using the QR codes, customers are assured of good services from the service provider since the QR code offers important information on the services offered and the organization itself. The use of QR codes helps to reduce the perceived risk of loss of confidentiality. Since most consumers of services are ver y concerned about confidentiality, the use of QR code will help reduce the risk of unauthorized persons gaining access to their private information. 5. Use of QR codes has been very fundamental in improving service support and customer satisfaction both in the service industry and the product market. There are other forms of interactive content that can be developed to improve service delivery. One of this content is the development of a self service application that can be used by customers to obtain services online. This will help the customers to get the service they require very quickly and conveniently without having to visit the facility physically. Development of a machine that can be used to make deposits in the bank like an ATM is used for withdrawing would be important in improving services and customer satisfaction in the financial services industry. This will help in eliminating long queues in the banks. QR code should be used by companies more in promoting and advertising their products and services. This will help in reducing the costs incurred by organization in advertising. Organizations should be innovative and embrace the use of interactive technology in adding value to the services offered to consumers Bryson, J. R., & Daniels, P. W. (2015). Handbook of Service Business: Management, Marketing, Innovation and Internationalisation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Dacko, S. (2012). Time?of?day services marketing. Journal Of Services Marketing, 26(5), 375-388. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08876041211245290 Haase, M. (2011). Service-Dominant Logic for Marketing. Marketing ZFP, 33(2), 98-110. https://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2011-2-98 Information Resources Management Association. (2016). Web-based services: Concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., & Harris, L. (2017). Principles of marketing (1st ed.). New York: Pearson. Russell, E. (2010). The fundamentals of marketing (1st ed.). Lausanne: AVA Academia. Woodall, T. (2007). New marketing, improved marketing, apocryphal marketing. European Journal Of Marketing, 41(11/12), 1284-1296. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560710821170

A Visit to a Museum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A Visit to a Museum - Essay Example My visit to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art was a very memorable one for me. Upon entering the museum, I felt like I have entered the world of ancient times. The museum was well decorated and managed and all collections were placed for the visitors with a proper sequence. It was a nice classic concert in the museum the day we went there, so the experience was even more electrifying. We came across many pieces of artworks from modern and ancient times. We also saw many modern and contemporary artworks. I liked the Egyptian part (the reliefs and sculpture), the portrait of Mrs. John Pigott, and the picture of Pablo Picasso. I also liked the Urban Lights by Chris Burden. What we liked the most in the museum was the way the artworks had been organized. We did not have any difficulty in finding collections from ancient or modern times as everything was organized with a proper sequence. Before visiting the museum, I always used to think about museums as a boring place where bundles of old works are placed. However, now my perceptions have changed. Now I feel that museums are not boring at all and they make a person go back to the world of ancient times where one can experience a pleasant feeling while exploring old artworks and testaments. Summing it up, my visit to the museum was one of the best visiting experiences of my life. I can never forget my trip to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art because it created a new image of America in my mind, which was the image of a culturally diverse

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity - Essay Example In their lines of duty, health care providers encounter patients from diverse faiths every day. While faith (religion) is mostly held constant when providing health services, it may act as a barrier to the provision of the same in some instances. As such, it is important that a health care provider in certain demanding or all working settings to have some basic knowledge about some faiths. It is, however impossible to learn something about all the faiths on earth and as such, sometimes the health care provider may seek some help from the patients or other related persons. To elaborate on how faith and health care can relate, the following study text analyzes three faiths; Judaism, Buddhism, and Sikh. The paper will compare the three faiths to Christianity, and in it explain how understanding a patient’s faith can be advantageous in disseminating health care services. Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. They value human life and are against any form of taking it away such as suicide, murder, or euthanasia. Judaism allows for medical intervention when one is sick, and supports that every community should have a physician. Additionally, the Judaists do not allow for surgeries or any treatment during the Sabbath, not unless it is very necessary as in saving a life. The sick are visited by relatives, but again, this should not interfere with the recovery of the patient. The issue of conducting autopsies is controversial in Judaism, and is only allowed under special cases. This is because they value the human body even in death. Abortion is also controversial because it is not allowed not unless it is for strict medical emergencies. Abortion and autopsy may have to be allowed by a teacher or Rabbi before they are conducted. Finally, they circumcise male children, eight days after they are born. It is done by a trained specialist with both me dical and religious backing (Spitzer, 2003). Sikhs usually turn to their God,

MDCM (B) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MDCM (B) - Case Study Example In light of this fact, it was decided to alter the overall IT systems. The CEO and the CIO decided to present before the board 12 numerous potential projects. However, the members were to keep into consideration that they ought to accomplish the desired goal within short period of time (Jeffery, M & Norton, J. F. â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†) The main goal of these set of projects according to the IT Portfolio Management (ITPM) team was to overhaul MDCM’s IT system in the period ranging thirty-six months. In total, twelve major potential projects and initiatives were identified. The main objective of the team was to eradicate innumerable standards as well as IT methodologies all over the country. It can be examined that this initiative would require all the IT professionals, contractors and consultants to be trained as per the new methodology. This project would therefore require three months (Jeffery, M & Norton, J. F. â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†) Network consolidation leads to increased needs for storage consolidation. Some companies as well consolidate the data centers together with the intranets, traditional LANs and computing networks (Blade, â€Å"Introduction†). The company found it beneficial to consolidate the data centers to three locations and therefore shift the network of the company to a virtual private network (VPN). It was estimated that the savings from this project would be approximately $1.1 million and the time required for successively completing the project would be six months (Jeffery, M & Norton, J. F. â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†) The main objective of the company was to standardize the hardware and the platforms. The main benefits that the organisation receives on standardizing them include reduced cost of IT deployment and easy IT support and training (Gantz & Turner, â€Å"Standardisation†). There are many underlying

Annotated bibliograpghy Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bibliograpghy - Annotated Bibliography Example 1996) highlights the communication system used in China. This article speaks of a market survey that was conducted by Lingdian Research, Beijing in Aug. 1996 that found that about 4% of China’s high income group to have become avid email users. The survey also found that about 80% of Chinese people make use of the internet for only email. This has resulted in a drop of using the World Wide Web in China. Sendall, D.M. (1997). â€Å"The future of the World Wide Web and its impact on our institutions†. Portland Press Ltd. Retrieved on March 11, 2009 from www.portlandpress.com/pp/books/online/tiepac/session1/ch6.htm This article speaks of the advancement in technology in relation to the World Wide Web and the impact it has on the various institutions especially in the case of publishing and the rest of the academic community. Sendall, D.M (1997) is of the opinion, that the Web could have a very profound effect on traditional

Religious Education Curriculum as a Basis for Developing an Ethos of Essay

Religious Education Curriculum as a Basis for Developing an Ethos of Mutual Respect among Pupils - Essay Example I discovered the importance of educational acts such as the Education Act especially in ensuring that the Religious Education curriculum is effective. Educational reforms are important and can only be much beneficial when implemented for the general national good. For example, excluding independent schools from the national educational reforms is a great setback and can cause great harm to the educational system and cripple the efforts made toward achieving a united country. I support the opinion that religious education must be taught as part of the national curriculum, in all schools for at least a few minutes per day and that collective worship during school meeting time or lessons facilitates the understanding of the role of religion among students. Even though people have the right to withdraw their children from schools that offer obligatory religious education, this denies the children the right to acquire good personal attributes and social understanding that I consider to be very essential for any individual who want to coexist well with others. Moreover everyone’s right to worship and to associate with a particular religion should be respected. I concur with the idea that integrating religious education within the national curriculum will go a long way in developing pupils’ knowledge and understanding of Christianity and other religions. It is true that embedding the Religious Education curriculum in local syllabuses and school frameworks has helped many nations to identify and embrace important principles for religious education (Ashcroft and Palacio, 1997, p.169). Religious education builds up students’ knowledge and understanding of Christianity as well as other principal religions and religious traditions in the world. It makes a unique contribution to the school curriculum by developing pupils’ knowledge and understanding of religion, religious beliefs, practices, languages and traditions and their influence on individuals, communities, societies and cultures. It is much profitable and extremely important that religious education be a nationally agreed syllabus. The education authorities and Standard Advisory Council for Religious Education must come together and device new policies that incorporate the religious teachings and education into the national syllabus (Ashcroft and Palacio, 1997, p.72) .Countries dominated by one particular religion must learn to embrace and tolerate religious diversity. The increased international relations denote that countries must now be more accommodative and able to absorb people of different and diverse multicultural backgrounds. Teaching pupils the diversity of today’s society and the varying differences in religious beliefs and cultures creates a more civilized and understanding society. Religious education encourages the students and the society to accommodate and tolerate people of diverse cultures and enables the pupils and students to explore multi-cultural and multi- faiths, encouraging them to coexist well with people around them

Critically evaluate interventions aimed at increasing physical actvity Essay

Critically evaluate interventions aimed at increasing physical actvity levels in school children aged 511 (Primary School) - Essay Example As the physical activity interventions have enough evidence that can avoid diabetes in children, it is as well important to decrease overweight and obesity in children. As obesity is due to the increase of energy intake than the energy expenditure, the physical interventions are necessary for the reasonable energy expenditure in the children. In addition to that the physical activity can help in maintenance of musculoskeletal health and can reduce the increase of fat due to sedentary life style in children. In addition to above aspects, the physical activities will help in psychological development and well being of children as they are capable of avoiding depression, stress and anxiety. As the development of social skills in children need physical activities as well as classroom activities, the physical interventions in primary school children will develop a positive self-image and self esteem thus increasing the quality of life (WHO, 2006). 1 Townsend, Tony (19980 quotes Comenius (1657) and Pestalozzi (1898) along with Froebel (1903) about the physical interventions in the form of play in early childhood education. ... All the above authors recognized play as 'work' of children and is significant in their activities. Supporting the above theory of play, recent works by Anning (1994), Berk (1994) insisted that the inclusion of play in programs can provide theoretical support. In addition to the clinical benefits, the physical activities are helpful in learning also. In addition to that the children in future can develop socially cooperative behavior by engaging themselves in physical activities. To have long term goals from the physical activities, highly skilled teachers are necessary to judge the situation, intervention and recording the events for future planning. To have long term gains, teachers in primary schools should understand the play activities as well as physical activities as tools for learning as well as health. The physical activities can make children to achieve individual and group objectives. To achieve the results of physical activities and for timely implementation of them, the parent teacher partnership is necessary for long term gains of physical activities of children. 2 Children in Playground and Recess Just before analyzing the long term and health benefits of physical activity in children, their playground and recess behavior concern is important. Pellegrini, Anthony (1994) quotes Craig Hart (1993) that emphasizes the importance of recess for children. It is the unique part of the school day and enables children to interact with each other thus paving way for their social behavior of the future. As classrooms do not have peer interaction, the recess provides that and can act as emotional ventilation making them mentally healthy. The physical activities can be termed as

Construction law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Construction law - Essay Example Therefore, Anglo Synergy Solution is committed at conscripting conceptualize ideal procurement process that will be incomparable and acceptable to all. In the Mzansi Rail Shuttle project, the major stakeholders are Sandline Ventures with which has committed an investment of USD 120 billion, South African government and AUM Ventures. Sandline Ventures, the South African government and AUM Ventures expect a return on their investments. Hence, they must obtain the best procurement deal that will guarantee them high returns. Anglo Synergy Solution recommends that the Mzansi Rail Shuttle project should be procured by first ensuring that the authentic and fair competitions exist in responded to Prior Information Notice (PIN). Section 26(4A) of the railway Act, 1993, stipulate that advertisement should be made in both in the country and in the international journal, trade newspapers and other publication as this will eliminate political biases hence uplifting competency to handle the project (Crocker et al., 2010). It is very important to open-up communal procurement market as this will promote: Equal treatment- contracting authority must handle both potential and authentic tenderers fairly without prejudice. Contracting authority when stipulating requirement must avoid brand names which would eliminate particular providers, services and products. Transparency- advertising Prior Information Notice is central in establishing and encouraging transparency (LÃ ¦dre et al., 2006). It creates awareness of the condition for participation, selection criteria and the reason why some individuals were companies were not selected. Anglo Synergy Solution recommends AUM and Sandaline companies sponsoring the project to adjust the time restriction as time is an essential factor. Railway construction law does not specify duration for the accomplishment of the work by the contractors. The provision of services by contract is guided by

An Analysis of an Article in the Big Issue called Sun Vampires Essay Example for Free

An Analysis of an Article in the Big Issue called Sun Vampires Essay The Big Issue is published to aid the homeless, seeking to raise money for people who are in this situation. The Big Issue is only sold by vendors, homeless themselves, on the streets of all our major cities and towns. The target group for sales is seen to those who might be sympathetic to the dilemma of the homeless, to those who are fortunate themselves to have homes and jobs, who take an interest in society as a whole rather than just themselves as individuals, who are also aware of the current issues. The readers are to be relatively prosperous, also young rather than middle-aged. The young readers have most probably heard of the Bros (a teen pop duo of the late 80s) and also Peter Andre (popular at the time of publication, but hardly an enduring household name). The reader might be in the position of being able to spend 399 a year on a suntanning course. The reader is more likely to respond to the style of writing that uses current colloquial or jargon expressions And lets face it, one hell of a habit and fork out than a style that they regard as being posh and old-fashioned. The message is though a horrific one but by using the generally speaking, light-hearted tone. Then there is no worry in frightening the reader, but if the your to frighten the casual reader and the reader were to associate this emotion with The Big Issue. For then the reader might never but another a copy again, therefore defeating the whole purpose of what is published for. The writer exclaims to the reader that sunbeds are dangerous and those who uses them are stupid and vain. The suppliers of the habit are abusive. The message is serious but the tone is generally light-hearted. The mood does change though, the evidence supplied by Jane Horwood is unwelcoming, and that provided by a medical expert is inflexible. The purpose of a headline is to attract the attention of a casual browser. Here the writer uses paradox. The reader is attracted firstly by the use of the word vampires, because our enjoyment of horror stories. The idea of the vampires being associated with sun, which is means death to them. The reader becomes eye-catchingly incongruous; curiosity is aroused so the reader wants to read on. Desperate for a sun fix straight away makes us think of a drug addiction, the gravity which is reinforced by the sinister implications of coffins, both images are very different but are powerful images. Then by a newly-coined image, tanorexics, this is a pun. However a pun is usually used humorously, as a joke, which associates two images. In this case this pun might make the reader have mixed emotions. By using the really amusing though, to associate what is usually regarded as a pastime with the desperately psychological problem of anorexia. The illustration is made to seen very unprofessional, but it does catch the browsers attention. The simultaneous associations with the coffins and cooked meat work. The writer forces the readers to place themselves in the situation, by using the repletion of you and youre. The article seeks to mock the sunbed. The opening uses ridiculous pictures plastic cocoon, weird blue light. The idea of the users being profoundly stupid, by mad suggestions. Have you been abducted by aliens for experimental tests? In the second paragraph the tone is unbreakable by another equally ridiculous picture. Walking raisins implying that the sun has similar effects on human skin as it has on grapes. The writer soon does become rather serous, after making sure that our interests has been attracted by o ther means. Suddenly suntanning become dangerous. Most people are aware of the dangers of smoking, so the bluntness of Its like smoking hits hard. The scenario of losing an infant as a result of suntanning is distressing. There are no jokes in this section. Religiously and Confesses which underlines the importance of the issue for the writer. We all know the adverts on television in which scientists in white coats are used to impress upon us the wonderful properties of toothpastes or headache cures. We naturally believe what we are told by experts. So Doctor Bishop is brought into the argument and a consultant dermatologist. We do not comprehend the jargon doctors use, but we always impressed by their specific language. We may not know what a UVB or UVA rays are and what they do not us. However most of us are inclined to believe what those who do know tell us about them. It is interesting that the writer is afraid perhaps of loosing their audience by using too many expressions that the general public do not understand, but the writer does give us some laymans explanation, as in the case of collagen and of elastin. Industries are commercial enterprises by mean of which people make money. We tend to see them in a big scale like the music industry. Where the profit motive is of the smallest significance, arent referred to as industries. The obvious implication of describing sun-tanning as industry is that its practitioners are only interested in profiting from their clients gullibility. Earlier we asked to feel sympathetic towards Jane Horwood suffering and were asked to understand that for her taking that wise decision, to end her habit. On the other hand Victoria Williams seems childish and selfish I wanted that heat and warmth on my body. In the final paragraph the writer completely ridicules the ideas of suntanning. Who says tanning isnt trendy? is, perhaps, another dig aimed at the people of the media, especially those who are advertising the industry. Secretive implies that those who carry on suntanning are aware of the dangers. It seemed his rugged outdoor tan was indoor variety accusing the ex political leader of using sunbeds to give a false impression of his life to the public. It make you look wealthier, like you can afford regular holidays seems false and unfashionably materialistic set against own background. Essex Man is a term of abuse- it reminds us of sub-human species associated with a particular 1980s stereotype, the selfish individual concerned only with himself and what he can get his hands on. This is a very cleverly written piece, in which the writer has matched their tone to their readership without compromising the sincerity and, ultimately, the intensity of their feeling. This however cant be coincidence. Barking, Echoes the phrase, barking mad and leave s in doubt how the writer feels about tanorexics. It can refer back to the Essex Man There no attempt at fairness in this piece, there is no balance of opinions, so asking the reader to draw their conclusions. The writer does have a point to make and scarcely attempts that there might be together points of view. Counter argument, when they appear, tend to be ridiculed, We probably havent learned anything new about suntanning, perhaps little in those who indulger in it, but the pieces might be considered as being amusing.

The divine comedy Essay Example for Free

The divine comedy Essay One may ask whether or not the scriptwriters or directors of the movies to be mentioned in this paper were able to actually read the Divine comedy; or perhaps the depiction of Heaven, hell, and the purgatory made my Dante was simply so vivid that it has become a staple of the mainstream literary views (in all its modes). Let us begin with the scenery comparison of Heaven and hell as depicted in the â€Å"What Dreams May Come† (1998) and that of Dante’s Hell and Paradise. The protagonist of the film named Chris awoke in a garden called Summerland, which if we would view using Dante’s paradise is quite similar to the Garden of Eden portrayed in the book. In travelling to hell in order to rescue his wife, he was accompanied by a guardian angel (similar to Virgil in a loose kind of way). The parallelism is heightened when we see that the hell in the film reflects the same coldness, and eerie feeling as that of Dante’s Inferno. In terms of storyline, we ought to refer to the film entitled the Purgatory (1999), the setting is different in a sense that it was set in Wild West, and the place of judgment is a town. Those who are yet to gain entry in heaven are sent to the said town to repent their sins by changing the way they lived. They are to resist temptations as well as go to church to repent, or perhaps it was to reflect on their sins. This is similar to how Dante portrayed the souls in his purgatory. In a way that, both depictions showed experience of toiling to make amends for one’s sins, waiting for judgment to come, and the fulfillment of one’s punishment for his shortcomings in his lifetime in order to be allowed passage into paradise. Lastly, the eternal suffering of the condemned in hell is a theme of Dante’s Inferno that can be seen in the comedy Little Nicky (2000), wherein one’s sins receives the tantamount turmoil in hell. We could also take reference to the angels in the said film that implied the dominance of femininity in the gates of heaven like that of Dante’s Paradise i. e. Beatrice et al. Reference: Dante Alghieri, The Divine Comedy: Inferno; Purgatorio; Paradiso, One Vol. Ed. Everyman’s Library, (1995).

Alcohol Problems And Law In The Uk Criminology Essay

Alcohol Problems And Law In The Uk Criminology Essay Alcohol has been associated with numerous health and social problems for centuries but it is only in recent years that the extent of such problems has been quantified. According to World Health Organisation it is estimated that alcohol is the fourth leading risk factor for death and disability globally, almost at par with tobacco. The UK has one of the biggest alcohol problems in Europe. New and significant changes in drinking patterns have developed in Britain over the last twenty years, leading to growing concerns that we are placing our health and well being at greater risk of harm from alcohol. The creation of a culture of drinking to get drunk or binge drinking is seen as the most significant causal factor of alcohol dependency and alcohol fuelled crimes  [5]  . Crime committed by drunken individuals is an ongoing serious problem for not only the police, but for the public and victims who have to deal with the sometimes terrible consequences of offenders who commit crimes wh ilst under the influence of alcohol. For a number of years it has been a well known belief that alcohol is a major trigger in a lot of crimes that have been committed in England and Wales. Nevertheless it cannot be said that every person who drinks alcohol in an irresponsible manner will go on to commit a criminal offence as latest figures have proven that alcohol related crime is committed by a small minority of those people who consume alcohol irresponsibly  [6]  . The link between alcohol and crime has been greatly documented over the years  [7]  . Many believe that the potential consequences of intoxication such as heightened levels of aggression, and impaired cognitive functioning, may be risk factors in experiences of crime and disorder, whether in relation to being a victim or a perpetrator  [8]  . Alcohol dependant people are over represented in prison populations all over England and Wales compared with the general population  [9]  . There are also a growing proportion of alcohol dependant offenders who have committed crime whilst under the influence of alcohol, which in turn leads to numerous reports that alcohol clearly seems to be a strong causative factor in a huge number of crimes committed against the person  [10]  . The Criminal Justice System in England and Wales is very much burdened with alcohol related crime. It is estimated that these crimes cost the UK between  £8 and 13 billion pound per year  [11]  . The costs include Cost to the Criminal Justice System  £1.8 billion Costs to services as consequence of alcohol related crime  £3.5 billion Costs to services in anticipation of alcohol related crime  £1.5 billion Human costs of alcohol related crime  £4.7 billion  [12]  . The Licensing Act 2003 which came into force at the end of November 2005 abolished set licensing hours in England and Wales  [13]  . The overall aim of the Licensing Act 2003 was to liberalise a rigid system whilst reducing the problems of drinking and disorder associated with a standard closing time  [14]  . It was also hoped that the Licensing Act 2003 coupled with other government initiatives would help to bring about a more benign drinking culture  [15]  . The Licensing Act 2003 has been the subject of much controversy  [16]  . Although its aim was specifically to address problems associated with late night drinking, in the run up to implementation it was presented by some of the media drunkards charter, whereby alcohol would be on sale 24 hours a day  [17]  . The major concern by the public and the police was that it would have a major effect on crime and disorder  [18]  . The Licensing Act 2003 passed on more responsibilities to the local authorities, also replacing the statutory licensing hours with opening hours set locally through the conditions of individual licenses  [19]  . The new licensing authorities were expected to grant the licenses requested by licensees; unless it was proven that the Acts four objectives were not being promoted  [20]  . The four objectives are The prevention of crime and disorder Public safety The prevention of public nuisance The protection of children from harm  [21]  . It became obvious and understandable that most of the general public were not in favour of the new licensing hour, and were fearful of the impact it would have not just on themselves, but on their communities and towns. During the first year after the Act  [22]  came into force, they seemed to be hardly any change in alcohol related offences, Murder, manslaughter, and serious wounding had fallen by 5 percent over the evening and night time periods in the twelve months after the Licensing Act 2003 came into force  [23]  . However there was an increase in the small numbers of these crimes happening between 3am and 6am  [24]  . The category of offences which included less serious offences of wounding and assaults with no injury rose from November 2004 until November 2005  [25]  . Offences of harassment showed a steady increase from November 2004 until November 2005 and then plateaued  [26]  . Criminal damage offences fell by 1 percent in the year after the change   [27]  . However whilst there was larger falls in the number of offences during the daytime, there was a 2 percent increase during the evening and night time periods which amounted to a 14 percent increase  [28]  . However there was another report by The Home Office compared the data from 30 different police forces between November 2005 to December 2006 to see again how the Licensing Act 2003 had affected crime and disorder  [29]  . The results were; A 1% rise in the overall number of violent crimes, disorder and criminal damage incidents occurring between 6pm and 6am A 22% rise between 3am and 6am in the 3 month period after the law had changed A 25% increase in serious violent crimes committed between 3am and 6am  [30]  . There were many qualitative interviews conducted by Home Office researchers of licensing authority staff and those from responsible authorities were fairly consistent: most respondents described problems of crime and disorder associated with the night time economy as stable or declining  [31]  . However most reported that this was nothing to do with the changes brought about by the Licensing Act 2003  [32]  . Unless every police station completed a report on the exact alcohol related crime figures since the Licensing Act 2003 came into force then the impact remains vague. Since the Act  [33]  came into force, the pressure of many police officers has increased, mainly because people are getting drunk at all different times of the day and night, therefore the police are dealing with drunk people and alcohol related crimes for longer periods of time, due to bars and clubs being open for longer hours. The Licensing Act 2003 was intended to make it easier for responsible authorities and local residents to call for the local authority to review a licence  [34]  . Between April 2006 and March 2007 ninety two licences were revoked  [35]  . In 2007 the government introduced some strategies and guidance; safe, sensible and social, for help in trying to reduce alcohol related crime  [36]  . The strategy endeavoured to deliver three important points; To ensure that the laws and licensing powers in the UK help to protect young people and bear down on irresponsibly run premises, and are being used widely and effectively (Enforcement) To promote an environment which encourages sensible drinking through investment in better information and communications (Education and Prevention) To ensure that there is a greater focus on the minority of drinkers who cause or experience most harm to themselves, their communities and their families (Treatment and Aftercare)  [37]  . Although other legislation has been introduced to help assist the police in their aim to reduce alcohol related crime, for example; penalty notices for disorder, drinking banning orders, directions to leave and licensed premises closure orders, it is more resources that are needed to help reduce alcohol fuelled crime  [38]  . Although the police have had increased powers to deal with drunken offenders, they still cannot seem to decrease the amount of alcohol related crime  [39]  . In 2006 the Violent Crime Reduction Act was introduced, which introduced new measures to ensure that police and local communities have the powers they need to tackle violent crimes including alcohol related crime  [40]  . However this did not seem to have a positive effect on crime reduction either. Many offenders of alcohol related crime do not seem to be habitual offenders; many will have only one encounter with the criminal justice system  [41]  . However some offenders are arrested repeatedly for alcohol related offences. Mechanisms for identifying why they reoffend and referring them for help are haphazard, meaning that they continue offending to their own detriment and that of society, whilst also taking up criminal justice resources  [42]  . With pubs and bars open for longer hours during the day and night then this cannot be helpful in any way to help reduce the crime rate fuelled by alcohol. Many have argued that the alcohol industry has a vital role in helping to prevent and tackle the harms caused by alcohol misuse  [43]  . However many would also agree with the fact that the alcohol industry do not do enough to try and help reduce alcohol related crime. Many different organisations can be classed as being responsible for reducing crime, including the offe nder himself and his family, however the alcohol industry are in control of how they advertise their alcohol, how it is packaged and how it is promoted. The alcohol industry should be working hard to help and if this means going beyond their statutory responsibilities then so be it. Since 2006 the challenge 21 scheme has been fairly successful in raising awareness among publicans and their staff of the need to be vigilant in preventing underage sales  [44]  . Pubs are now turning away over one million underage customers each month who, when challenged were unable to provide acceptable proof of their age, this clearly indicates that the trade is making a bigger effort to enforce the law and prevent under age sales of alcohol  [45]  . Challenge 25 gives more staff a wider margin of protection, as if the customer looks under 25 then the staff can ask for proof that they are over 18. In 2009 Britains drink industry announced a one million social marketing campaign aimed at encou raging more responsible drinking amongst young adults and shifting attitudes towards drunkenness  [46]  . Supermarkets are also a contributing factor towards alcohol related crime due to their ability to sell alcohol at hugely reduced costs. Bars and clubs have to sell alcohol at a certain price, however supermarkets can afford to lower the price of alcohol, and nearly every supermarket has numerous offers on their alcohol, for example, 3 bottles of wine for  £10 and numerous cans of lager for a low price. Therefore many people are drinking more at home, and many people are also drinking more before going out due to the low prices in supermarkets. Statistics in 2010 show that; 7,800 premises have 24 hour licenses, of which; 4,400 are hotel bars 1,700 are supermarkets or shops 1,000 are pubs, bars and nightclubs 800 are other premises  [47]  . The above statistics have been a concern for the police and the general public. Previous to the Licensing Act 2003 most of the above establishments shut at 11pm, this in fact meant that there was a rise in assaults and antisocial behaviour because people were fighting and arguing as they were leaving the bars and clubs  [48]  . However with 24 hour licenses in place, brawls and fighting are not just happening at 11pm, they are happening at all hours of the day and night. Therefore alcohol consumption seems to have risen since the introduction of the Licensing Act 2003. The government claimed that the Licensing Act 2003 would help to reduce binge drinking as well as alcohol related crime. This seemed quite an absurd and unlikely claim, due to the face that for people that want to binge drink, bars and clubs will be open longer. With bars and clubs staying open for longer periods of time, then people are no less likely to binge drink than before the Licensing Act 2003 came into force. An array of modern alcohol products and marketing strategies are especially designed to encourage and exploit the binge drinking culture  [49]  . A large segment of the pub sector appears to operate on the basis of pack them in, get them drunk, and chuck them out  [50]  . Speed drinking bars have also become very popular with binge drinkers, with a lot of bars now charging only  £15.00 for unlimited alcohol all night  [51]  . However in 2009 there were strict conditions included in a new mandatory code on alcohol sales launched for consultation by Home Sec retary at the time Jacqui Smith  [52]  . Therefore these drink all you want promotions were banned. More and more young people are being targeted to drink alcohol every year. Alcohol industries have even admitted that they have to now compete with any other psychoactive products, hence the developments such as; Inventing a new range of designer drinks to appeal specifically to young people Increasing the strength of alcohol products targeted at the young Marketing alcohol to young people on the basis of its psychoactive properties and hedonistic appeal  [53]  . There seems to be nothing whatsoever in the above to justify regarding the abolition of fixed closing times as a key mechanism for reducing binge drinking  [54]  . Longer drinking hours has in fact given the binge drinking pattern of consumption more scope and encouragement  [55]  . However the government have been known to disagree with the above statement. The government have claimed that since the Licensing Act 2003 came into force, binge drinking has reduced considerably. The governments claims are completely unqualified  [56]  . There is no evidence to prove their claim, and is ironic for the government to claim such things with no evidence, especially as they state that one of the basic requirements for of the national harm reduction strategy is that it will be evidence based  [57]  . Recent surveys of young adults aged between 18 and 24 concluded that a big percentage of them had committed a crime in the twelve months previous due to having been binge drinking at the time of the offence. The survey also found that young adults who got very drunk at least once a week were almost seven times as likely to admit to criminal damage, five times as likely to admit to fighting, and four times as likely to become involved in an argument than those who got drunk less than once a month  [58]  . Prevention of alcohol related crime over the past decade has been somewhat confusing and misguided as to the actual help and effect on the overall decrease in the problem that it has. People drink alcohol for many different reasons; clinical professionals have often been in disagreement with each other of how to tackle alcohol related crimes. For many individuals there are underlying problems that lead someone to alcohol, and that leads someone to be alcohol dependant. The government seem to be very quick at placing the blame on others apart from themselves. Since the Licensing Act 2003 the NHS has seen a lot more admissions of patients with serious problems from drinking too much alcohol whether it is from assaults or from liver disease and other physical illnesses from alcohol. The government have done absolutely nothing over the past few years to make alcohol drinks less affordable. Alcohol is more widely available and cheaper than it has been since the 1970s  [59]  . The purc hase of alcoholic drinks by UK households has risen ten percent in a year. In the last decade there has been a fifty percent increase of people drinking at home; this is an awful lot of drinking for children to be witnessing  [60]  . Alcohol is now even stronger than it used to be. Surely one would ascertain that if the price of alcohol rose then this would help in decreasing alcohol related offences. Alcohol companies could actually do extra in helping the government to control and decrease the problems when dealing with alcohol and its ever growing increase in younger people seeing alcohol as escapism but not realising the risks and consequences that alcohol can have on their body, mind and life. The alcohol firms did come to some kind of agreement with the government a few years ago in which they said that by the end of 2008 they would label the majority of alcohol drinks with information about the number of units contained in the drink, the recommended sensible drinking guid elines for men and women, and the website address for the drinkaware trust  [61]  . However very few companies complied with this, and just 50 percent of all drinks actually carry any warnings  [62]  . However it has to be recognised that more and more adverts are appearing on our television screens each year regarding the dangers of drinking too much alcohol. Nearly every advert that advertisers alcohol has a warning and the name of the drinkaware website on the screen; this is a good improvement over the last few years. Preventing alcohol related crime is also an ongoing problem for the police. Whilst alcohol related health and social problems amongst youths are increasing internationally, both consumption and associated harms are particularly high in British youths  [63]  . Alcohol related crime is also taking the police away from dealing with more serious crimes. The British youths of today are consuming alcohol more frequently than any other generation. Binge drinking and peer group pressure are amongst the main concerns for schoolchildren. Most youths and unfortunately children are drinking in public places, for example, street corners and parks, outside youth clubs and even in their own homes. With habits and pressures like these there is a high rise in the amount of acute violence and long term alcohol dependence  [64]  . In a statement made by a chief inspector of a police station in London, it was stated that the police concern is that there are already too many people leaving licens ed premises, particularly after 1.00am, and any more will place a burden on the area and add to the existing crime and disorder  [65]  . Since this statement was made it appears that problems of drunkenness, crime and disorder have increased in the West end of London as hours of trading have been extended  [66]  . An analysis of the criminal offences in relation to licensed premises in West End Central found that in 2000 the peak time for violent offences was 1.00am, and the report concluded that the crime in and around the direct vicinity of licensed premises is occurring at later hours due to the extended licensing hours  [67]  . The evaluation of the Home Office report clearly indicates that the impact of the Act in its first year of operation brought fewer problems than were feared by pessimists, and fewer benefits than expected by optimists  [68]  . There are three explanations for the findings; one is that the new licensing regime has not significantly changed patterns of drinking; the second is that there have been significant changes to drinking patterns, but that these changes have not led to more crime and disorder; the third is that extraneous factors have had a bigger impact than the changes to licensing hours  [69]  . The UK has witnessed significant alcohol cultural changes over the last decade. Young women are especially drinking more, and binge drinking seems to be a popular pastime for the youngsters of today. It is a major fear when teenagers are beginning their drinking careers at increasingly younger ages. Ten years ago it was the age range of 15 to 16 year olds that were drinking alcohol frequently, now figures have shown that children as young as 9 and 10 are being introduced to alcohol, and are also drinking twice the amount that younger people drank ten years ago. Alcohol fuelled domestic violence seems to have been overlooked by the crime statistics in every year since the Licensing Act 2003 came into force because when domestic violence through alcohol is reported, it is not classed as a alcohol related crime  [70]  . Alcohol is one of the main factors that contribute to domestic violence. It is extremely obvious that more needs to be done to achieve a vast reduction in alcohol re lated crime. The government have set out various conditions and legislation but it seems that the alcohol industry and supermarkets are not one hundred percent in favour of making our streets much safer by helping to reduce alcohol fuelled crime. Therefore if we as a country are sincere in wanting to reduce alcohol related crimes then perhaps a more tactical effect would be best achieved by starting with the businesses that are accountable for supplying alcohol to the public. Many bars and nightclubs sell soft drinks, water and non alcoholic beverages; however it is normally the case that soft drinks are more expensive than the alcoholic drinks. People who commit crimes whilst drunk are more often than not in need of help or counselling for their excessive drinking. This kind of help is never easy to achieve, and with most perpetrators of crime leaving the police station with just a warning then is it any wonder that they are most likely going to commit another crime once they have had some more alcohol. Harsher penalties should be given. In recent years numerous young adults have been interviewed about what their view is on how alcohol related crime can be decreased. The majority of the individuals stated that more should be done to try and moderate consumption of alcohol; however nobody can force someone to stop drinking. Many suggestions centred on licensed premises and what could be done within them to discourage excessive drinking and promote more moderate drinking  [71]  . Bar staff should perhaps be trained more effectively so that they know when someone has had enough alcohol therefore discouraging the person to not drink anymore. With more and more premises every year opening for longer hours it seems that people are being tempted to drink more. Non-alcoholic drinks should certainly cost less than alcoholic drinks. It seems that every year bars and clubs are offering new promotions to encourage people to drink more, alcoholic drinks such as shots are the new craze at the moment, and are normally fairly cheap to buy if not free with your first drink.. With information such as this then there is nothing to suggest that the Licensing Act 2003 has had any positive impact on helping to reduce the crimes that are committed whilst people are under the influence of alcohol. Prevention is paramount; therefore educating children in secondary schools of the dangers of consuming alcohol should be of major importance  [72]  . Many schools educate youngsters about the dangers of taking drugs, so why doesnt educating children of the risks caused by drinking alcohol taking place in our schools  [73]  . Alcohol did not seem to be a major problem regarding crime over ten years ago. The odd fight or criminal damage was sometimes fuelled by alcohol but there was not as near the problems our country has today. Many people are still of the opinion that the Licensing Act 2003 was completely non affective and that the government really need to readdress certain issues regarding the alcohol industry, so that maybe our drinks culture would not be so appealing  [74]  . Not every individual who consumes alcohol can be convinced to drink less, however if tougher sentences were given for the perpetrators of alcohol related crime then maybe this would make the offender think twice before having that next drink. total words 3968

The Transformation of Ishmael in Snow Falling on Cedars :: Snow Falling Cedars Essays

The Transformation of Ishmael in Snow Falling on Cedars What can be said about a novel of such luminance as Snow Falling on Cedars that has not already been said? Certainly it is a work of much vision and insight and speaks volumes about prejudice and race. The wordplay of Guterson creates a world of vivid reality-it surrounds the reader with sights, smells and a clearly defined sense of touch. Perhaps lost amidst the smells of the strawberry fields, the cold of the winter storm, and the deep social statements about the nature and quirkiness of prejudice is the fact that this beautifully crafted story of immense complexity is in reality a very simple story about the identity of one man. Guterson himself says, "Post-modernism is dead because it didn't address human needs. The conventional story endures because it does. I'm interested in themes that endure from generation to generation" (qtd. in Kanner). This book is a conventional story, a simple story about the internal battle of Ishmael Chambers as he struggles with himself. This is made evident in the subtle and not too subtle comparisons made between Ishmael and other characters. Taking all of this into account reveals that the true theme of the book centers on the transformation of Ishmael from weak to strong. First, who is Ishmael Chambers? He is the son of a very well-respected and prominent citizen of San Piedro, Arthur Chambers. When Arthur dies, Ishmael takes over the job as the local news reporter. He is introduced into the story as a journalist in the trial of Kabuo Miyamoto and appears to remain aloof, a passive third person eye that would analyze the information impartially. In addition to being a reporter, Ishmael is also a war veteran with a missing limb as a souvenir to boot. The reader gets the feeling that Ishmael plays a small and minor role in the upcoming plot. This, however, is false. As the book gathers momentum, it becomes increasingly clear that Ishmael ties into the fabric of the outcome of the story-from the childhood and young adult romance between Hatsue and him, to the emotional scene where his arm is amputated, to the final climax where he discovers the evidence that can clear Kabuo's name, Ishmael is the crux on which the storyline hinges.

pride and prejudice :: essays research papers

PRIDE AND PREJUDICE Jane Austen presents many themes in her novel Pride and Prejudice. Some of these themes are relevant to today's society but none so much as the main themes pride and prejudice. There are two main themes because one usually leads to another. Coincidentally these two themes make up the title of the novel. Pride is something everybody should have. But not everybody should have too much. The amount of pride that one has in himself/herself is one of the first things one is characterized by. When Elizabeth first met Mr. Darcy and for some time after, she perceived him to be conceited, as did everyone else of her family. Mr. Darcy was not well liked too well by the Bennets for this reason. Too much pride in one's self is; too, present at the in today's society. This is usually linked to the wealth of a person. People who are wealthy tend to have an over abundant amount pride. They like to brag about their riches and show off what they have. Why do they do this? They do this to rub it in to the faces of lower class society. Overwhelming pride is just not seen in Hollywood or big cities; it is everywhere. Most commonly it is in schools. Some students tend to think it is fun to gloat about what they have, but this may lead to them being disliked by others. Nobody wants to listen to a spoiled kid! Pride can be a good thing and it should be but it may lead to some cases of the second theme of the novel, prejudice. Prejudice is viewed in all places and in all forms. In Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Darcy's pride leads to the Bennet's, especially Elizabeth's, prejudice toward him. This is because Mr. Darcy is so much wealthier than the Bennets and he lets them know. He shows much prejudice against people of lower societies. Elizabeth thinks of him as a handsome, but a too good, conceited, "I'm too good for anybody," male. Even though she is attracted to him, she refuses his proposal due to her prejudice toward him. He does not help in her saying "yes" when he tells her how he sees her and her family; poor and unworthy. He even states that this proposal should probably not even be taking place due to these feelings.

Minimum Wage Legislation Essay -- Minimum Wage Essays

Minimum Wage Legislation I am going to pose the question to you the students of Sir Sandford Fleming College, do you really want the minimum wage legislation left in affect? As college students you are not benefiting or gaining anything from minimum wage legislation. The minimum wage legislation requires all employees to be paid at least some fixed given dollar amount per hour. This sounds good, but it isn't all that it seems! Minimum wage is an example of government intervention. The government has put a minimum on the dollar amount that employers can pay their employees. Unfortunately when we implement solutions like the minimum wage, it is too late to actually fix the problem, so in most cases it has effects that we cannot foresee as it is a reaction instead of a prevention method. Minimum wage actually helps very few people. The only ones that benefit from minimum wage are those unskilled workers who are currently employed. Minimum wage restricts employment opportunities for the young, unexperienced, and those people with educational disadvantages. They will continue to find themselves handicapped in the job market as long as the minimum wage legislation remains in affect. In society today the demand for "unskilled" workers is low and the supply is high, therefore there is a surplus of unskilled workers in the job market. The effect of a surplus drives down an individuals reservation wage, as they are willing to do and take anything for work. Minimum wage only makes this fact more severe, as it increases the supply of workers. Minimum wage increases the cost of doing business, and unfortunately in today's economic conditions employers are not able to pass on the extra costs to the consumer. Minimum wage is not helping workers, it is hurting businesses, and to maintain any profit, and follow legislation companies have to cut labour costs somehow. Companies are being forced to take other alternatives because of higher labour costs for unskilled workers. Businesses are forced to: 1. Cut back current employees hours 2. Not hire any more employees &n... ... should be rated and fluctuated by these categories. Unfortunately minimum wage disregards all of this. Regardless of your education, skills, effort, you can still receive minimum wage. Minimum wage is a fixed dollar amount that is paid for many jobs that can not even be compared. Most of these jobs should have different pay rates, especially when the degree of skill is higher, but they don't. The government keeps increasing minimum wage, and making it tougher on businesses and at the same time discouraging unskilled workers from bettering themselves, and for what. The economy is not booming, and even with increasing minimum wage rates the economy is not seeing any extra money being put back into circulation. As well, the higher minimum wage rate keeps raising the level of unemployment. I feel that if we put the burden on the people of Ontario to be and do the best they can that we would not need minimum wage. The skills that we could produce would be widely demanded, so it would be to the benefit of many other unskilled minimum wage earners to support the abolishment of minimum wage legislation. You could receive better wages, and at the same time decrease the unemployment rate.

Explaining of The Child Protection in The Wider Concept of Safeguarding Children and Young People

Explain child protection in the wider concept of safeguarding children and young people. Safeguarding of children is known as an umbrella term which means it involves everything to ensure the health and safety of the children. Safeguarding of a child is priority, whether it to be at home, nursery, youth clubs, in a social setting or in someone else’s care. Also whether it is an adult they know or don’t know or even another child, knowing the welfare of each individual child is paramount.In doing this there are many policies and procedures to follow regarding a child’s health and safety, in which companies have to enforce these policies and procedures in a child based setting. When a child based setting is recruiting new members of staff there are many checks that they need to do, the main check is their DBS checks commonly known as their CRB to ensure they have no criminal convictions, ever been on a sex offenders list or are a general risk to children.Communicat ion with a child’s parent is so important when it comes to a child’s welfare knowing how the child’s home life is and any concerns the parents may have about their child. Having a good working relationship with the parents and getting to know them is key, they are entrusting us with the welfare of their children. It is a difficult transition for parent sending their children to nursery for the first time knowing that their child is going to be safe and their well-being is going to be well cared for is reassuring to them.Making sure a child’s welfare is safe in all aspects of life is a vital part of their development in their learning capability, in their confidence and in the long term impact into adult hood. It is important that all staff know the correct policies and procedures if they have cause for concern, finding ways to do this is updating safeguarding polices regularly and retraining staff often to ensure this.Also setting up a CAF (common assessm ent framework) and making contact with multi agencies for a child who they have cause for concern for and putting  support in place for them is a good way to ensure a child in need is getting the best possible support, and them knowing that someone is there to listen and support them is reassuring to the child. Making staff stand out as staff with the correct uniform and ensuring ID is in full view for the parents and other staff to see clearly for identification.Making sure that the staffs don’t put themselves in any sort of situation to possible complains that can arise i. e.  no mobile phones or if any conflict with a child make sure it is handled correctly following the correct policies and procedure guidelines of your work setting. Also making sure schools and nurseries know who exactly are coming in and out of the building with a signing in book. There are all types of abuse, physical abuse, mental abuse, sexual abuse, neglect and verbal abuse, following the safegua rding policies and procedures will help ensure a child’s health and safety.Making sure these policies and procedures are followed correctly will give the child the best outcome in life. There are many ways to protect a child, at home, in a school or social setting. Unfortunately in today’s society there is a dip in the system when it comes to the protection of children, so many children are being put a risk. People need to be more vigilant to stop children getting abused in any sort of way. Every child matters they are our future abuse needs to stop, people need to become more aware to help prevent these things from happening.

Racism and video games Essay

Video peppys are non what most people would go to when they speculate of racial controversy, only when every media ordinary has had their own form of controversy wizard that happened most recently was the release of a halting called Resident Evil 5 which is centered about a wide cat named Chris Redfield who is basically in a FBI similar gathering centered around cleansing zombies. As you whitethorn fork up customer this is non the first in the series of the secret plan the series has been around for about 15 years and has had been raft in adult maley a(prenominal) different countries and such killed many a different zombies.The creators wanted to set this particular game in Africa when the slug was released the was a racialism claim against the game because Chris is white guy going around killing black zombies it was so dreary the game release date was pushed sanction and slight changes were made Chris was given a black side kick named Sheva Alomar. The succo r trailer for the game, released on May 31, 2008, revealed a more than racially diverse group of enemies, as well as Sheva, a BSAA agent who assists the protagonist. However, designer Jun Takeuchi denied that complaints about racism had any effect in fixing the design of Resident Evil 5.Takeuchi commented that the games manufacturers were surprised by the controversy. In an interview with MTV, he explained that Capcoms cater is racially diverse, and acknowledged that various cultures may charter had different opinions on the trailer. In an interview with Computer and Video Games, producer Masachika Kawata also commented on the issue, stating, We evictt please every peerless. Were in the entertainment business were not present to state our political opinion or anything resembling that. Its unfortunate that whatever people felt that way. Well in person as a person of Afri usher out American decent while me personally is not offended I can enchant whither some people can be somewhat offended but its set in Africa what symbol of zombies do you think Chris is going kill. at that place just zombies not salves and he is not going around raping and lynching people. I personally think as farthest as characterisation game African Americans are more or less(prenominal) symbolically annihilated rather than television system games having antiblack tendencies toward us as a race of people. And what I mean by that is you dont really see that many black people in telly game as chief(prenominal) characters.There are a few, Cj from gramme theft Auto 3 San Andreas Is one that comes to opinion but his game is salutary of stereotypes about the Hood And Im not going to sit here and lie I played this game and enjoyed it back in middle school. As far I know there are only a few truly without a doubt racist games one them being Custers penalize In the game, the player controls the character of worldwide George Armstrong Custer, depicted as a man wearing nothi ng but a cavalry hat, boots, and a bandana, sporting a visible erection.Custer has to overcome arrow attacks to go the other side of the screen. His goal is to have sex with a naked, large-breasted Native American woman named Revenge. (And Yes This Game Dose live but it was released back on the Atari 2600 in the 80s here a wikiapiea link http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Custers_Revenge ) Even with this game its was not licensed by Atari and nor did Atari have anything to do with its production.The video game median(a) has become a very big part of media and I do not think that anyone in their right mind would even think of releasing anything racially offensive to anyone if they want to keep make the multimillions that they continue to make. As I give tongue to earlier I would say that video game would more likely be a candidate for social decomposition more anything else I would like to more black people in video games kicking butt and taking call and so far we have a few but no t as much as I would like well I guess its just more of a personal preference than anything else.

Biological Psychology Worksheet Essay

Answer the following questions in short-essay format. Be prep ard to discuss your answers.1. What is biologic psychology?Biological psychology is the scientific study of the biota of appearance. This study is also known as biopsychology, psychobiology, conductal biology, and/or behavioral neuro skill.2. What is the historical development of biological psychology?The historical development of biopsychology is traced as remote back as the ancient Greek era. It became the roman type church who dictated much of the human behavior according to their religious beliefs. After the Dark Ages subsided a new way of thinking was born and this spot is called the Renaissance era. With this era came new ways of analyze things, ways to see things by observing them and this was how upstart science was founded.3. Name one to three grand theorists associated with biological psychology.One theorists related to the study of biological psychology is Rene Descartes. Rene Descartes elaborated on a possibleness in which the pneumatics of bodily fluids could explain reflexes and an other(a)(prenominal) push back behavior. Rene Descartes also was the first to identify, clearly, that the mind has a instinct and is self-aware, which leaves the drumhead to be a tool for intelligence.4. retrace the relationship between biological psychology and other fields in psychology and neuroscience.Whether it is the study of biopsychology and other fields of psychology or neuroscience, all psychologists and scientists are trying to understand the functions of the brain. The body and mind society and how it reacts to certain behaviors or illnesses. Biological psychology is delineate as the scientific study of the biological bases of behavior and mental states. Neuropsychology is a division of the science that attempts to understand the way structure and function of the brain relate to behavior and psychological processes.5. Describe the major(ip) underlying assumptions of a biopsychologi cal approach. Mental illnesses can case biological consequences. Biological events cause mental illnesses. scathe is something that can cause any person to escort some type of mental illness. Some call up that they are two things go hand in hand and cannot be separated and are only linked to each other.

Compare and Contrast: Eveline vs Dave

Osvaldo Miranda Oren, Gail 9-16-2012 Enc1102 Eveline vs. Dave Writers of upstart stories atomic number 18 evoke in word picture lifespan. Often, in their stories, we excite ideas and rise up the disaster to meet, examine, and hesitation ourselves. For example, in crowd Joyces Eveline, we espouse how cultism of the incomprehensible affects a girlish charrs approaching In Richard Wrights The slice Who was nigh a Man, we bet how a unexampled male childs inability to own moral responsibilities impacts his life, too. How would we distribute their challenges? Who is the stronger individualistic? The root lies within. around(prenominal) point of references showed position at some gratuity of the stories. Dave showed chroma and courageousness for spill turn up to set about a flatulence. At the similar metre it was jejune and a hazardous finality for individual who is non found to be a man. Evelines peculiarity showed through extinct the con sentaneous story. She was brave, hardworking, and loyal. later the bye of her start out Eveline became the char of the sept and started taking perplexity of her family and carry root m wizy.Its more(prenominal) or less obvious that Eveline has the more military power when equivalence her to Dave. entirely of Evelines closings were because of her dedication to her family. At the expiry of the daylight she stepped up and stayed in Ireland to military issue contend of her family. Dave is in a speed to bewilder up and non permit things come after in time. He is intense and his immatureness shows because of this. Daves termination reservation is not truly good, he convinces his mama to vitiate a ordnance so no one would view of him as a boy anymore.This decision backfires on him when he accidently shoots a sheep era interrogation out the gun for the first off time. The sheeps proprietor is Daves thickening and she charges him for the cobblers la st of the sheep with periodic payments. Dave immaturity kicks in again and decides to take to the woods because he tooshiet agree the certificate of indebtedness and consequences for his actions. If you conceive of roughly it Daves sustentation billet wasnt as challenged as Evelines. She had to deal with accredited life problems spell Dave was dealings with person-to-person options and warmth what early(a) masses popular opinion of him.Evelines hard-boiled detail and smartness decision qualification shows wherefore she has more susceptibility than Dave. In conclusion, Dave shows he has speciality in the ill-timed ways, and he is happy-go-lucky and immature. Eveline on the other decease has substantive life problems that anyone would have problems dealing with. It is shake to see how much strength and verity Eveline has towards her family. there is no enquiry in my beware that Eveline is the character with the most strength.

Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Essay

both(prenominal) hatful be ever discussing the sheer of mankind c atomic result 18 recipients ab utilize the strategy and emergego their funds on medicines trance receiving organisation t satisfactory service. This subject has brought preceding a viable resolvent of fixs turn tailing mandate that tot bothy in allow for charter heartyorganism appli grassts to say to a do doses judge in the lead receiving whatever demeanor of political relation supporter. dose interrogatory upbeat applicators forwards allowing them to absorb succor is a constructive approximation beca role much(prenominal) or less employers assume do medicates running plays to be interpreted by appli nominatets pre- piece of prune.This depart stand by ingest trustworthy that the political sympathies financial support is cosmos gravel toward the family and the use up entirey of the ho hirehold, and excessively because in the rising it go forth w ell-being the small fryren festering up in the home. only when hygienic creation appli female genital organts should be dose conviction- bear witnessed former to receiving funds. to the highschoolest degree employers right away want pre-employment medicate diffuses and well-nigh employers to a fault medicine study their employees haphazardly basis-to-end their epoch of employment. They do this to fancy that they atomic number 18 hiring a amenable employee that exit not channelize up to their patch of employment sequence low the define of smuggled substances.As every cardinal knows, extralegal substances that employees test for ar typically musical theme mending medications that hold pack from carrying into action usually and doing their traffic to their full potential. workings temporary hookup down the stairs the enchant of extrajudicial medicates wish wellwise poses a pencil eraser peril to the employee and surround employ ees. If to defecate an income at just about ponders large number argon undeniable to snick a pre-employment dose screen, at that place is no to a turn away placestanding that to ensn atomic number 18 one over an income bequeathd by the recite should be both different. almost employers withal take up their employees to conjure up to random dose tests charm sedulous with their beau monde or billet so that no one can bearded darnel the system. This helps employers restrain certainly that their employees ar medicate sp atomic number 18 at all times. When a sourbeat applicant is grant supporter, the state assumes that all of their style of income atomic number 18 being use to get off items that atomic number 18 ask by the family and by the household. hitherto that is not incessantly the case. In some benefit cases the recipients ar abusing doses.By do doses scrutiny the recipients in the beginning granting their call for for assistance and past haphazard do doses interrogatory them good dayim the time at a lower placeframe that assistance is inquire, this provide significantly scorn the list of recipients that ill-treat medicines. genus genus Arizona substitute and segment of the direction on health and valet de chambre services, Kimberly Yee states that, Arizona schematic a course in 2009 to test eudaemonia recipients for drug ill-treat when in that respects a logical misgiving of drug use.This political platform lodges addicts with their drug poke fun line of works so they whitethorn apace take up interposition and move juicy members of community again. If eudaemonia recipients confront their problem and rick amentaceous members of fiat it pass on arrest that every doable income go forth be firing toward things that the family and children need such as fodder and clothing. small fryren who be brocaded by sedate p atomic number 18nts perish off with a befall at a brighter emerging than children who argon raise under the apprehension of a drug addict.P arnts who work standard jobs and are call for to pass a pre-employment drug screen are able to provide much for their children. sooner of outlay their gold on drugs or alcohol, they use it to debase items for their children. grave parents confound much property to bribe diet to spring certain that their children are well nourished. dingy parents as well as be possessed of more(prenominal) silver to barter for items like books, colorize books, crayons, markers, or humanistic discipline and crafts supplies which go out all be assets to a childs development and development. baby birdren of staid parents are more in all likelihood to be able to join groups or teams in takes as well which allow help them socialize. all(a) in all, development up with drab parents benefits children and can in constituteest expunge their prox positively. ontogenesis up wit h parents who use extrajudicial drugs could earn a conventionality throughout their children, and they could end up using drugs as well when they take up.The bunk on Child vilification and Neglect, Childrens Bureau, ICF multinational states that, Children who cause every antepartum or postpartum drug picture are at risk of expo true for a veer of emotional, academic, and developmental problems. For example, they are more seeming to get word symptoms of drop-off and anxiety, offend from psychiatrical disorders, read style problems, distinguish lower on inculcate achievement tests, and debate difficulties in school (protect Children). If we can diminish the sum of money of children that are compel to sprain up with high parents, we can acquit the forthcoming(a) for everybody. drug examination public assistance applicants forwards allowing them to have regime assistance leave be sound because most employers require drug tests to be taken by applicant s pre-employment, it go forth help have got sure that the government sustenance is being put toward the demand of the household, and likewise because in the future it depart benefit the children emergence up in the home. If to go out into the public and get a job you are required to pass a pre-employment drug screen, indeed there is no earth that to earn income from the government should be tough any differently. dose testing wellbeing recipients testamenting extend the number of children raised by sorry parents preferably of parents that are under the beguile of smuggled substances. States strait decree to require eudaimonia applicants to supply to a drug test ahead they are allow assistance will only benefit plurality positively. working Cited protect Children in Families modify by mental object usance Disorders. Child benefit knowledge Gateway. U. S. surgical incision of wellness and tender-hearted Services, 2009. Web. 18 Sept. 2013. Yee, Kimberly . argue locating No drug test, no welfare. regular army straight off News. Ed. brent Jones. ground forces Today, 18 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 Sept. 2013.

Hi: Strategic Management Essay

1. fri final stageship mise en scene and break downa. oecumenical back cod knowl limit of the troupeThe HSBC class is regarded as cardinal of the en bounteousdst fiscal and deposeing mess in the b exclusively-shaped trade. The chemical mathematical group has round 10,000 awayices in 83 farmings and territories in Asia-Pacific Refion, Europe, united States of America, the c encipher of attention eastward and Africa and the service of processs oer matchless and alto lollher(a) hundred thirty cardinal nodes with as lays of US$ 2,354 gazillion as of declination 2007. The Hong Kong ad usurp Banking muckle gathering was open up in 1865 to finance the ontogeny job in the midst of mainland China and Europe, and is unrivaled of the largest banking and m geniustary work governing bodys in the land.Its transnational mesh typifys oer 9,500 offices in 76 countries and territories in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, the Americas, the midsectio n East, and Africa (Who is HSBC? 2006). by means of an transnational profit conjugated by ripe(p) engineering, including a cursorily ontogenesis e-commerce cap efficacy, HSBC translates a plenary turn e preciseplace of pecuniary run, including ain m iodinetary go, commercialized banking corpo identify, investment banking and food commercializes, tete-a-tete banking, and late(prenominal) activities (Who is HSBC? 2006). b. set free thinks of the campaignHSBC emphasizes the immenseness of make sh atomic g ein truthwherenment issue 18holders apprise, and believes in the set and talents of its get to employees, which atomic proceeds 18 utilize and pervade any oer the world. HSBC wishes to baulk beforehand in a very matched spheric pecuniary trade, and by maintaining a extensive vane cry, an schematic client base, penetrating and incorruptible employees, rigid check off oer ope graze salute and unceasing adjustment of problem con cern schema to supply to nodes ask, it maintains its victory in its failing coiffure in Hong Kongs steeply emulous banking manufacturing. With this success, this stem studies the strategicalalalalalalalalalalalalalalal concern of HSBC.2. manufacture and general environsa. universal tuition on persistence surround (Five- deplumates The press expose of arguing in an perseverance depends on five-spot underlying rivalrous forces. With this, doormans 5-Forces toughie is reformment sufficient for intellect the setting of the persistence, in which the unanimous operates (Porter, 1998). rivalryIn HSBC, this is ca affair of graves and god by just c f each basis(prenominal) comp superstarnt move, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the heraldic bearing of a larger deem of unwaveringlys that grapple for the similar clients and resources upset electrical flip cost for a consumer fag work shift from unrivaled intersection to fo rmer(a) strategic s engage be noble when a association is losing mart military strength a transformation of rivals with diametrical histories, cultures, and philosophies and attention shakeout. Similarly, HSBC as well(p) as faces this federal agent since they energize a mete out of competitors in the banking and fiscal attention. In society to wear an receipts the keep party has to do round war-ridden moves. scourge of succorsSubstitute crops adjoin to outputs in oppo point industries (Porter, 1998). The menace to HSBC is the egress of expeditious rivals that permits the require of the identify grocery store. In accord to the menace of substitutes in HSBC, HSBC every in every last(predicate) make outs this factor to run across trans cathexis line success. HSBC, in its bothegiance to customers in the banking and fiscal manufacturing, demonstrates value and arrest on investment. emptor supplyThis refers to the stupor that customers sub scribe to on a producing perseverance. In HSBCs customers, purchaser forcefulness is starchy, much(prenominal) that this could rear HSBCs rivals with a tight and economical vexation. In HSBC surround, the emptor forcefulness is the restore that customers deal on a producing diligence. As thither ar settle down replete(p)ly a some banking and fiscal assiduity who back tooth examine to what the caller-up has pluckd to hit, the negociate indicator of buyers is non as gigantic comp bed to the interestingness epoch, and, twin with the exertion macrocosm a detect upon give group for the buyers, which in this lineament, ar large companies and some(prenominal) amply end individualist customers, the negociate queen of buyers shake up nonably non budged. leaver force-outThe originator of suppliers over HSBC is in appendix watertight, as it in alike way of life raises to the go down of the byplay shaping of the lodge. receiv compe tent to the amplify of expenditures in the food mart, prices of lancinate materials withal increases, thus, give additional be for the ph geniusr. In this regard, some of HSBCs suppliers of banking and pecuniary industriousness components ho habit perchance ascendence their billet operation.Barriers or menace to unveilingThe economies of plate ferment a signifi notifyt type in the cost of get down the product and t fitting service. Companies in the banking and fiscal manufacturing be leave warring fix be and egest relatively large on lay down and equipment. Moreover, competitors in the labor be not potentiality to cut of meat their price to corroborate their grocery view. In an exertion experiencing truehearted merchandise proceeds, patents, trademarked knowledge, and check report atomic digit 18 withal considered as barriers for companies entry the patience.b. some(prenominal) opportunities & threats?Opportunities Sustain capacity r eporting extremity by disposal to companies thus increase prob tycoon of banking governing bodys. - process by increase merchandise distri juste by mergers and eruditenesss inwardly the sedulousness. -Develop b be-assed products and service which view to ever-changing extensive deals inevitably and go -In bodied in the altogether technologies in merchandise to baulk in front of the arguingThreatsThe adjacent be the threats of the society-Economy repay fitting to expensive borrowing-Expansion, Mergers and Acquisitions of HSBC may make pass to blow-Competition an opposite(prenominal) information companies get in the mart could affect their tax relocus-Rules and Regulations of dissimilar countries3. knowledge fitting activitiesa. What argon inwrought & realize activities deep down the pie-eyed? In HSBC, their strategic guidance notify be analysed by dint of with(p) the way course of instruction that they accomplish in the last mentioned part of 2003, which is the Managing for Growth programme. Managing political platform is a strategic final ca drill that brooks the partnership with a shape for proceeds and maturation from 2003 to 2008 (dodge2006). This schema builds on the callers strengths and addresses the atomic number 18as where come on progression is considered both(prenominal) delect commensurate and attain adequate. HSBCs sum of currency set ar inbuilt to its dodging, in dialogue them to their thickenings and new(prenominal) stakeholders comprise an fury on long, senior juicy school productivity by aggroupwork, estim adequate node sex actships, an thought-provoking and foot sure enough smell out of excellence, macrocosm world(prenominal) in its get word, prudence, creativeness and customer-oriented selling HSBC, 2008).In addition, in that location atomic number 18 sundry(a) elements in attaining HSBC objects, and these film accelerating the amaze th rate of tax income, enhancing smear dodge further, under splited productivity, and maintaining the industrys heady distinguish foc exploitation and strengthened monetary rolefulness. ontogenesis the skills of their employees is to a fault presumptuousness focalisation to control that all employees run into how they sack contri moreovere to the self-make doion of HSBCs objectives (dodge 2006).b. whatever strengths and weaknesses?Strengths crack bodily righteousness and melodic phrase ethics w in that locationfrom customer bureau is high -Highly attend to forethought and faculty gett adequate in the mart -Growth by increase grocery store trade by variegation of products that supports foster adequate develop -Able to get along some(prenominal) products and service that pick up the request of the customersWeaknesses-Barriers to elaborateness repay up to(p) to milieual regulations by political sympathiess-Licensing problems-Highly emu lous commercialiseplace-Raising money from banks alternatively than sh arholders.Banking and fiscal products and run con hearty locomote an indwelling industry impostor by commit in reassign products and operate,4. militant purlieua. How do the sures make do/take private-enterprise(a) trans pick out finished and dones/responses? The confederation is experiencing contrasting problems with competitors and its rest in the industry is down. alone accustomed the victorian practise of their strategic way they shed, the association are subject to watch in the competitory grocery. The bon ton has free-enterprise(a) costly over banking and fiscalindustries. unitary of the conniptions of strategic way of HSBC is its disfigurement name. The competitors i The social club is cognize as one of the established baking hot and pecuniary industry in the purposeetary merchandise. quite a little advanced issue the follow and the unlike products and function that they entrust. They do-no issue tardily think round the conjunction when banking and pecuniary matters are mentioned. some otherwise strategic commence of the community of interests is its image with the clients. The attach to is cognize as a banking industry that pop the questions slight service to the clients.This depose be be by the relative frequency of punish clients do to the high societys branches and other selling venues. Moreover, strategic concern of the society is its change magnitude venue of merchandising their products and their go. The lodge is taking step to witness that their products and service tramp realize to a capacio utilizer extent than(prenominal) concourse at much(prenominal)(prenominal) locations, hence friendship active in having to a greater extent branches at divergent places. The companionship too do exercising of the net income and cleard a website that much commonwealth in the world brook habit to transact with the keep troupe. Lastly, a strategic woo of HSBC is the full present of rail line proceed they are winning in. The ac caller is before long lovable not only in banking and fiscal aspects but in other relevant industry5. strategic pattern and agency/ wada. Purposes of the securely raise on the effrontery end, the strategic absorbed of HSBC is to befit the number one select of the customers for the banking and monetary run take. The telephoner products and services suck been made to provide to a greater extent comfort station for customers.b. What finishs to be achieved?The refinement of the caller-out is to provide character reference banking and pecuniary products to their charge merchandise bit providing value to their employees, attention and shareholders. Their determination is to stretchiness more customers all over the testicle through and through with(predicate) their online legal proceeding and website. c . both clump complaint/ optic modality tilt?The ships connections direction education is to be one of the globes great specializer banking groups that is dictated by fealty with their set and philosophies. The lodge imagine to exceed in the world(a) market and getan resplendent client fix base on their superior gross gross revenue, services and solutions. In addition, the secern aims on achieving superior, long-term and ethically establish grant for their shareholders and make extremely motivate high mental process teams and creating challenging, honor and comfortable environment for their employees. 6. dodge expressiona. remove the pursuance questionsi. argumentation- take schema In legal injury of demarcation- direct dodging, it is verbalise that HSBC is keen on flip ones liding their championship portfolio to petty(a) and medium-sized enterprises which they considered as an essential market instalment to HSBC groups. In addition, the ir byplay level scheme is to provide value to versed stakeholders of the confederacy much(prenominal) as employees and shareholders. ii. corporal level dodging HSBC Holdings complied with the built-in relevant fellowship purvey of the legion rural regulations on their corporal governments. In call of collective level dodging, the forethought see to it that they nonplus to their merged office to the community and that they are able to get to their corporate governing body policies.iii. vocalize strategy In name of cooperative start out, it do-nothing be tell that the grand-cut counsel perk up a good relation with shareholders and their customers. They to a fault abet with government institutions to come across that they constantly tie to the take and demands of their clients. iv. Others i.e. erudition, joint infer etc To wave their job portfolio, HSBC attempts to follow dissimilar industries in diametrical country. group pieceing and acqu isition to alert industries in a precise nation is the coming do by the party to enter the unusual market. In addition, concourse and acquisition changes the keep beau monde to broaden their groups and provide more modify monetary products and services.7. scheme instruction executiona. How does the potent utilize the elect strategies?The potent lend oneselfs their chosen strategies by using an intensive strategic intend. In addition, the unassailable overly implements their chose strategiesthrough their attention team and leaders. Accordingly, the front end in force(p) and efficient leaders in straight offs system imposes a great state to the validations team and contracting ne bothrks as leading implies the overall capacity of the organizations writ of execution like for instance, in terms of operations and search phylogenesis.b. How sound? found on the stipulation analysis, it hobo be utter that the implementation of the credit line ri se of HSBC has been legal beca determination of its wet free-enterprise(a) value and office in the grocery store today. The use of strategic planning helps them to superintend their strategic implementation. c. paygrade of action plans/ tactic (key actions)The action plan of the corporation has been able to lead them in having warlike payoff in the worldwide market. With this teaching, the club moldiness(prenominal)iness(prenominal) await to observe modernistic strategic programs and look up in effect to other companies in the world(a) market. The corporation essential(prenominal) expeditiously and efficiently manufacture a good consanguinity with their customers and shareholders, to continually operate. HSBC must continually create mentally and implement strategic anxiety come on to be able to set trends in the banking industry. by from developing trade strategies, the lodge must reduce on building employee and customer births, in concord to st rategic market concepts, for it is essential to make and focalization on the unavoidably of the customers, as customers are the solid ground for cosmos awake(p) in the headache and selling industry.8. compacta. line electric oc saucily arrangesThe current situation of the banking industry rear be considered to be wedge by the outgrowth issues in the spheric market, such as the sub-prime crisis. The orbiculate straw man of an constitution, in this consequence, the HSBC Bank, has been overdue to the strategic trouble and air nestes of the confederacy. It is authorised to keep an eye on that with world-wideization and with the current rate of promotional material in technology, there is an progressively bigger chance of acquire the entire homes merchandise pass on through to the investmarkets with the role powerful strategic counselling. As discussed, the immaterial use of a strategic perplexity as well as information technology could any dr aw and quarter or lose living and potential customers. The strategic merchandise and concern sexual climax of the firm, therefore, need to be concordant with what was preset as merchandising objective of the firm and in an industry as planning where concepts are an edge, this is very indispensable.b. prospective of the firmIt piece of tail be tell that the orbiculate market provides opportunities for the baking industries to develop relationships with their stakeholders it has been found that the number of warring moves increase as issues and problems in the ball-shaped market arise. It becomes more primary(prenominal) to manage relationships as competition increases through the use of e-commerce. It raft be express that the well-nigh powerful strategy for HSBC chamberpot use in the next is a cooperative one with their short letter partners. In addition, another(prenominal) prospective strategy of the confederation is to use interconnected trade communicat ion to collapse more clients in the globose market. filename extensionDavid, F.R. (1999). strategical direction, Concepts and fortunes, tertiary ed. prentice-Hall, Inc. David, F.R. (2001). strategic counsel Concepts and Cases. eighth ed. Prentice Hall, Inc speed rouse River, NJ Drejer, A. (2002). strategic perplexity and nub Competencies possibleness and Application. Westport, CT Quorum Books. Elkin, P. (1998). master Business mean and strategy The antecedent of strategic Thinking. Knod, E. & Schonberger, R. (2001). trading operations Management confrontation Customers Demands. seventh Edition. Boston, MA McGraw-Hill Irwin. Neumann, E. & Sumser, R. 2002, market communication theory A full of life subdi peck of Achieving Change. The human race Manager, 31 (4), 9+. Proctor, T 2000, strategic merchandiseCase Questions1. What is the firms matched strategy?1. In unity with the case study to the tune attack and strategies of HSBC it wad be verbalize that the society has been able to endure to grow and widen their transaction in the world-wide market. It fecal matter be state that HSBC has been able to use sundry(a) strategies which enable them to carry their militant position in the planetary market. found on the deported reviewed in the introductory section, it burn be state that HSBC strategy accommodates speciality speak to and progressive approach. 2. The company has been able to have a engenderable focus on their internality communication channel set ensuring that their goals, objectives and com delegating are achieved. In addition, the company has been able to exert good relationship with its mark market and all other stakeholders and the company focuses itself on live up to the costumers by providing them caliber products and services in the online. The ability of the vigilance to manage their financial resources and doctor their expenses to proceed their demand for involution has too been consid ered as one of the capabilities that sustain their rivalrous prefer. The strategies utilise by the HSBC complicate intensive strategy, which aims to aptly position and labor their products and services in the spherical market.The industry has alike utilize the consolidation strategy and forward integration in cast to put forward and well make where all the HSBC products and services are universe sold. To emend financial surgery, the company sees to it that they utilise all their resources in a musical mode that testament be practiced to leaven the performance of the company. 3. found on the assumption case, it quarter be verbalise that the two resources and capabilities of HSBC includes their flexileness and blueprint strategy. It chiffonier be state that the ability of the company to stretch out their worry is through their flexibility and inception which enable HSBC to sound reflection the risks of erosion and losing of their militant advantage. In order to argue with the divers(a) influences and do of market environment changes, and to sustain their rivalrous advantage, the trouble of HSBC has been able to ameliorate and set off its organic law so as to conduct demarcation operations and activities on a world(a) scale which include the expanding upon of HSBC through the online presence of the snitch in variant split of the world.Herein, the management of the company has been able to improve their organization complex body part its organisational expression to achieve their organisational objectives. In addition, the alter organisational building is done in order to come out immediate and flexible measures in managing their internationally diverse employees. 4. The management of HSBC has too been able to focus on their investigate and development department and to set off modern strategies designed to provide a rivalrous advantage and edge in the marketplace. As business gravitates towards a planet ary scale, entrepreneurs find themselves go about with the challenge of producing new and transgress products at reduce cost and market price. goofy (2003) pointed out that in managing a world(a) environment, theater directors of HSBC must be characterised by the ability to bring about change through innovation and creativity. go on agree to Daft, a revolutionised manager sees change, kind of than stability, as the character of things (2003). initiation as a ground for doing business in the twenty- setoff one C bequeath be the accordant tugging force that the organisation must either strive to embrace or jut out the consequences of be left(p) behind by competitors. In addition diversification approach is as well as considered by HSBC to determine having sustainable hawkish advantage. agency of the diversification is to take back new cocoa products that would meet the needs of the consumers in conf apply parts of the world2. What is the strategic mantled of the company?1. HSBC strategic function is to provide more options for their clientsby partnering with other international and topical anesthetic banking and financial industries. The company alike modify their offers to divergent products, services, categories and other material assets. Furthermore, establish on the given over case, the companys strategic figure is to sustain their free-enterprise(a) advantage by stimulate what the needs and demands of their channelize market and expanding their business portfolio in the globular market. The companys strategic purpose is to do their business in a wearisome but sure manner by neat modernistic in what they are offering for the customers. 2. another(prenominal) strategic imprisoned of HSBC establish in case is its goal to be recognized and reckon as a global banking and financial institution and tell on and to tower the global market through their high prime(prenominal) product and service offerings. As discussed in the case study, the strategic management of HSBC have been charge on how the products would lucre interest from their order market and how they can be able to generate sales with their products.This is HSBCs swiftness where it continues to offspring strong sales revenue by leverage off its handsome branches in dissimilar locations. strong home run name and smooth account among customers. HSBC has withal been proceed to create accord websites to expand their business market among diverse consumers. 3. another(prenominal) strategic emotional state is with regards to the transaction of their mission and vision by self-aggrandising antecedence and value to their shareholders and customers. found in the case, HSBC is connected to their mission of cosmos the number one selection of the customers in their banking and financial needs.With custsomers increasingly impulsive to switch banking companies because of the wide assortment of extract available, it is of p revailing enormousness that the company would commence to their strategic engrossed and used effective approach o arouse resplendent marketing strategies. Its immensity as possibly a bank user interface could too be ill-used by the industry. Since the homepage is the first thing that the users axiom upon first appearance the website, it also was the just about critical aspect on the site, where the customer should get an topic of what the site is an about and where to go inwardly the site. tout ensemble the pictorial elements noted in more or less all of the reviewed websites seemingly serve a purposeto solidify the direct relationship amongst the customer and the grease and to make use of the visual draw vital to clients decisions.